If the Bot Lies, Who Pays?
By Matthew B. Harrison
TALKERS, VP/Associate Publisher
Harrison Media Law, Senior Partner
Goodphone Communications, Executive Producer
A reporter recently asked a clean question with sharp edges: “Who is responsible when an AI defames someone?”
It sounds futuristic. It isn’t. It’s a standard defamation analysis dressed in new technology.
The most publicized early test involved radio host Mark Walters, who sued OpenAI after ChatGPT falsely stated he had been accused of embezzlement. The case was dismissed in federal court in Georgia in 2024. The court concluded the complaint did not plausibly allege the required level of fault. No federal appellate court has yet imposed defamation liability on an AI developer for a hallucinated statement alone.
That matters.
Defamation still requires a false statement of fact, publication to a third party, fault, and damages. An AI system cannot form intent. It cannot know falsity. It is not a legal person. But an AI output can absolutely contain a false statement about a real individual.
Courts will not ask whether “the AI defamed.” They will ask who published the statement.
Publication is broader than many assume. It does not require a broadcast tower. It requires communication to at least one third party. If a chatbot produces a false statement visible only to the person who prompted it and that person is the subject of the statement, there is typically no publication. The moment that output is emailed, posted, quoted, aired, or incorporated into a script, publication is satisfied.
The AI session itself is not the problem. Distribution is.
That is where fault enters the picture.
For public figures, plaintiffs must prove actual malice: knowledge of falsity or reckless disregard for truth. “The computer said it” is not a defense. If a host repeats a serious allegation generated by a system widely known to hallucinate and fails to verify it, a plaintiff will argue reckless disregard. For private figures, negligence is usually enough. Failing to check an AI-generated accusation against readily available sources may meet that standard.
The technology does not lower the bar. Nor does it create a new type of immunity. It simply changes the source of the words.
The unsettled frontier is developer exposure under Section 230 and product liability theories. Courts have not yet produced a controlling appellate decision holding a model developer liable in defamation solely because a model generated a false statement. That question remains open, but it is not yet answered in plaintiffs’ favor.
Here is the practical reality for media professionals.
An AI can generate the sentence.
You are the one who makes it public.
That’s where liability is found.
Matthew B. Harrison is a media and intellectual property attorney who advises radio hosts, content creators, and creative entrepreneurs. He has written extensively on fair use, AI law, and the future of digital rights. Reach him at Matthew@HarrisonMediaLaw.com or read more at TALKERS.com.
audience over indexes for a slew of major purchase categories.” Some of the key findings in the study include: 1) The number of sports-formatted AM/FM radio stations has grown +14% over the last decade, while revenue shares increased +38%; 2) According to Nielsen, the sports format ranks an astonishing number one in streaming shares among 25-54s and 18-34s, while in-car listening is the dominant location of listening among over-the-air sports AM/FM radio listeners; 3) Advertising on sports AM/FM radio is more effective than TV sports because the AM/FM radio audience is far more attentive and sports engaged; and 4) Ranked third in income of twenty-four AM/FM radio formats, the sports format has seen household incomes grow 17% since 2020. 
Christianity. This podcast is an extension of the conversations I’m already having – about faith, family, and what it means to live with conviction in a liberal culture. I’m excited to bring those discussions to a wider audience.” Salem Media SVP of content Phil Boyce states, “Danielle represents the next generation of conservative voices. As Salem continues to invest in new talent and new platforms, her voice reflects both where the conservative audience is headed and the future we’re building at the Salem Podcast Network.”
patriotic, pro-America content that celebrates the American journey and inspires its citizens by highlighting the historic accomplishments of this great nation from our founding through the Trump Administration today.” Carr adds, “On July 4, 2026, America will celebrate the 250th Anniversary of the signing of the Declaration of Independence. That revolutionary document set forth our founding principles – including Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness – and put America on a collision course with destiny. Over the following centuries, the American story has defined modern history and spread freedom, opportunity, and prosperity across the globe. As America’s 250th anniversary approaches, it is important to reflect on the ideals and events that have defined our past while keeping an eye towards our country’s bright future. The White House is leading our national celebration of this historic event with the Salute to America 250 Task Force, which calls on the federal government, among others, to mark this momentous occasion. As part of this effort, I am calling on broadcasters to pledge to provide programming that promotes civic education, national pride, and our shared history.” Carr shares some examples stations could use, including:
daily lineup: “Daybreak with Brian and Jamie” airing 6:00 am to 9:00 am (starring Brian Noonan and Jamie Martinson); “The Jeff Santos Show,” airing from 2:00 pm to 5:00 pm; and “Nite Lite With Pete Schwaba and Greg Bach” airing from 5:00 pm to 7:00 pm. Civic Media vice president of product Aaron Carreno said, “We’re excited to refresh our programming with the addition of new radio shows and a continuous stream of digital content that meets audiences wherever they are. This growth reflects our commitment to delivering fresh voices, diverse perspectives, and engaging storytelling across every platform. By strengthening both our on-air and digital presence, we’re creating more opportunities for our community to connect, discover, and stay informed—anytime, anywhere.”
If you work in radio, you’ve heard every flavor of AI anxiety. Some fear it will wipe out jobs. Others treat it like a super shortcut – cranking-out spots, promos, and proposals faster and cheaper. Kate O’Neill’s “
purchasing power – backed by a population of nearly 70 million that is a leading ethnicity in growth – has now reached $4.1 trillion and continues to grow more than twice as fast as that of non‑Latinos. iHeartMedia says, “The impact of this can only be measured in global scale: If isolated, the GDP of current U.S. Latinos would rank fifth in the world, having surged from $2.2 trillion in 2015 to $4 trillion.” iHeartLatino president and chief creative officer Enrique Santos says, “Bicultural Latinos are not just an audience — they are a cultural vanguard, driving tastes, trends and conversations across every platform while powering one of the fastest‑growing segments of the U.S. economy and redefining what it means to be American. For brands, the takeaway is clear: culture is the strategy — language is the tactic. Those who lead with cultural intelligence, not just translation, earn more than attention, they earn long-term loyalty and trust.” The study also finds that audio is important to this demographic. The study finds: “Broadcast reaches 9 in 10 Latinos monthly, according to Nielsen, and this new research shows that Bicultural Latino radio listening is diverse – 92 percent listen in English, 78 percent listen in Spanish – and 65 percent of Bicultural Latinos prefer listening to radio/music/podcasts equally in Spanish and English. Additionally, the research shows that 98 percent are listening to music weekly, 63 percent tune into podcasts weekly and 69 percent engage with live sports through audio.”
radio industry (and its related fields) seeks to connect with and develop a next generation of professional practitioners as well as engaged audiences. TALKERS is honored to again provide financial support, encouragement, experience, and advice to the dedicated organizers of this very special event.
I am pleased to be speaking this weekend at the IBS New York 2026 conference in New York City. Thank you, TALKERS magazine, for being the presenting sponsor of this important, timely annual event along with the Intercollegiate Broadcasting System (IBS).
following their Super Bowl LX win, roster-building strategy, draft preparation, and the evolving landscape of the NFL. “Seattle Sports” program director Kyle Brown comments, “In the wake of an unforgettable Super Bowl run, we’re excited to give fans even deeper access to the leadership guiding the Seahawks into their next chapter. John’s perspective on team-building, the draft, and what it takes to construct a championship roster will be invaluable as the Seahawks look to build on the momentum of their 2026 title.”
Debbie Kenyon states, “In Detroit, the Lions represent our resilience and our pride. We are honored to extend our long-standing partnership with the team, serving as the bridge between the field and the fans. This extension underscores our deep commitment to the team and to delivering the most authentic and highest quality game-day experience to the dedicated Lions fans across the region and beyond.” “97.1 The Ticket” will continue to air the “Lions Review Show” hosted by play-by-play voice for the Lions Radio Network, Dan Miller and “97.1 The Ticket” hosts Will Burchfield and Bob Wojnowski. Throughout the season, guests, including starting quarterback Jared Goff and head coach Dan Campbell, will make weekly appearances on the morning and midday shows.
interview due to potential implications under the Federal Communications Commission’s “equal time” rule. The rule requires broadcast licensees to provide equal opportunities to legally qualified candidates for public office if one candidate is given airtime.
FCC Chairman Brendan Carr has indicated that the Commission is reviewing how those exemptions are applied, particularly in the context of high-profile entertainment programs that feature political figures. While no formal rule change has been adopted, CBS reportedly acted out of caution, concerned that airing the interview could trigger equal-time obligations for opposing candidates.
Every radio conference agenda and much of what’s-up in the trade press and chat groups is about exploiting Artificial Intelligence. Often these conversations land in one of two places: fear (“Will this replace us?”) or fascination (“Look what it can do!”). Both miss the point.
response to Nielsen’s Counterclaims, including any motion to dismiss the Counterclaims and March 16 for Nielsen to notify the Court whether it intends to file an amended pleading. If Nielsen doesn’t amend its Counterclaims, then April 3 is the deadline for Nielsen to file its opposition to Cumulus’s 
motion to dismiss the Counterclaims, if any, and April 17 for Cumulus to file a reply, if any. Then, if Nielsen amends its Counterclaims, April 24 is the date for Cumulus to file its response to Nielsen’s amended Counterclaims, including any motion to dismiss the amended Counterclaims. May 15 is the deadline for Nielsen to file its opposition to Cumulus’s motion to dismiss the amended Counterclaims, if any, and May 28 is the deadline for Cumulus to file a reply, if any.
2026, to shareholders of record on February 26, 2026. The aggregate amount of the payment will be approximately $1.6 million. The quarterly dividend will be funded by cash on the company’s balance sheet. Including this dividend, the company will have paid over $143 million in dividends to shareholders since the first special dividend was paid in 2012.
Adventureland’s family-friendly guest experience. The partnership further solidifies JVC Media’s growing role as Long Island’s leading out-of-home and place-based advertising company, building on its successful advertising programs at Long Island MacArthur Airport and the Catholic Health Amphitheater at Bald Hill.” JVC president and CEO John Caracciolo says, “Adventureland is a Long Island institution with a loyal, multi-generational audience. This partnership gives brands the opportunity to connect with families in a positive, high-attention environment while giving Adventureland a professionally managed sponsorship platform.” He adds, “Out-of-home advertising is most effective when it’s part of a larger local media strategy. By combining physical venues with radio, we help advertisers build frequency, trust, and real community impact.”
be celebrated on-air and transform their classrooms with a $5,000 DonorsChoose gift card. iHeartMedia president of programming operations and digital music says, “iHeartRadio’s ‘Thank a Teacher’ aims to shine a light on the quiet and positive work happening in classrooms across the country and to offer a very public thank you to the teachers who are doing so much.” Over the course of the contest 60,000 teachers were nominated for $50,000 in gift cards shared by the 10 final winners. 
The Hub – The Voice for Freedom.” The station features Salem Radio Network programming including Mike Gallagher, Hugh Hewitt, Larry Elder, and Scott Jennings, plus Compass Media Network’s Erick Erickson. The station is also airing local agribusiness programming from hosts Tony St. James and Steven Orr in morning drive. 
causing listeners to speculate about his status. Earlier this week Kirwan addressed the matter saying, “As most of you have noticed, Jim Miller was not with us last week at the Super Bowl. We’re going to let all of you know, today, that Jim is no longer a member of the SiriusXM team. We’re grateful for all of Jim’s insights and contributions through his many years on SiriusXM, and I’m personally grateful to have him as my on-air teammate for a long time. I wish him the best going forward, as all of you will as well. For the sake of Jim, we should leave this subject as it is and hope and pray that he gets on with his life and things go well.”
Church and founder of Turning Point Ministries. Salem CEO David Santrella says, “The Salem Summit Breakfast has become a cornerstone moment at NRB for connection on our shared mission. To see this gathering grow from 100 people to more than 500 is a testament to the hunger leaders have for fellowship and practical wisdom as they navigate a rapidly changing media landscape.”
conservative star of Northern Georgia’s most powerful and influential news/talk outlet is also an author, columnist, former U.S. Congressional candidate, and ubiquitous media presence. She is the recipient of numerous local, regional, and national awards including being named the TALKERS “Woman of the Year” in 2024. Zoller tells TALKERS, “Thankfully, I was at church when this happened. Thank you to my church and the fantastic paramedics at the Hall County Fire Department and the team at Northeast Georgia Health System. I’m going home with a lot of work to do. Thankfully, we live in the community I’m in. There are too many people to thank. You know who you are, thank you! I will see you, hear you soon.” Zoller can be reached via email at 
maturity date of its asset-based lending facility to December 18, 2030. Additionally, Urban One announces it receives confirmation from Nasdaq that it has regained compliance with the stock exchange’s $1.00 minimum bid price requirement, closing at or above $1.00 for 10 consecutive business days between January 23 and February 6, 2026. Urban One’s stock closed at $11.42 on February 10, 2026. On January 22, 2026, it executed a reverse stock split of all classes of its Common Stock. 
more than two decades of proven media and advertising leadership, along with deep-rooted relationships throughout the Pittsburgh business community. Salem president of broadcast media Allen Power says, “We are excited to combine Jason’s leadership track record at Salem with Dave’s deep market knowledge of Pittsburgh. They are focused on growing our sales team in the market with a commitment to providing outcome-based solutions for advertisers.” Mosher is based in Salem Media’s Atlanta office. He has been with Salem Media for six years and was recently promoted from regional sales director where he led sales efforts for Pittsburgh, Atlanta and Cleveland.
“Darn, if we were on FM everything would get better.” Not true. This writer launched many of the successful talk formats on FM stations in the early 1990s. The ones that worked, such as KLSX, Los Angeles; WTKS, Orlando; and New Jersey 101.5 in Trenton, were produced for the unique demands of FM. Then and today, the FM band cume utilized the radio in a completely different manner than AM audiences. The competition on FM isn’t another talk show. It’s Chapelle Roan and Taylor Swift. Ya know, billion-dollar Taylor Swift. The production values of FM music stations set the expectations of “the sound.” “Let’s pay some bills…” Followed by bumper music! Followed by eight minutes of commercials for Med Alert is just not what FMers are used to hearing on Elvis Duran. (Elvis is doing a talk show.)
report include: When it comes to audio’s value versus TV, diehard fans are 1.4 times more likely to tune into pre- and post-game shows on radio than on TV; Local voices matter as 79% of fans say sports make them feel part of a community. Many mute national broadcasts to follow local radio calls that capture their city’s emotion and history. Audacy adds that it now ranks #1 in sports talk reach across radio and television, surpassing ESPN and FS1; When it comes to reaching Gen Z, younger fans aren’t disengaged, they follow personalities, podcasts, and audio creators instead of networks; It’s a myth that only marketing beer and betting works on sports audio: sports audio drives measurable results beyond traditional categories, with web traffic lifts on air days vs. off-air days: +105% for financial services, +42% home improvement, +22% grocery, +10% automotive. 
Kevin McCullough tells TALKERS that as of the end of January, weekly affiliates taking one or both of his weekday, or weekend “That KEVIN Shows” is up to 693. He adds, “Not only have former Eric Metaxas stations been quick to jump on board, but we are also increasingly replacing some Charlie Kirk slots as well. New adds include: KLBE-FM, Bismarck; KOMT-FM, Lake View, Arkansas; and KWPM-AM/FM, West Plains, Missouri.
rising leaders in digital sales and strategy, providing direct access to industry executives, structured mentorship, and strategic guidance at a time when audio and digital integration has never been more critical to client success.” Reid comments, “I’m honored to be selected as an MIW Digital Mentee. This mentorship is an opportunity to strengthen my leadership skills, learn from industry leaders shaping the future of digital and audio, and continue delivering smarter, more effective advertising solutions in a rapidly evolving media landscape.”
clear on what this is. This is government intimidation, not a legitimate investigation. Like many other so-called ‘investigations’ before it, the FCC will announce an investigation but never carry one out, reach a conclusion, or take any meaningful action. The real purpose is to weaponize the FCC’s regulatory authority to intimidate perceived critics of this Administration and chill protected speech. That is not how a free society operates. The First Amendment protects the right of daytime and late-night programs to cover newsworthy issues and express viewpoints without government interference. I urge broadcasters and their parent networks to stand strong against these unfounded attacks and continue exercising their constitutional rights without fear or favor.”
“‘Outspoken’ has built a devoted following by tackling Arizona’s biggest political, social and cultural issues with insight, humor and a willingness to challenge conventional thinking. The expanded time slot allows the show to dig deeper into the stories shaping the state and the nation, while continuing to engage listeners and viewers through spirited conversation. The change will help position KTAR News’ marquee afternoon drive show during a pivotal election year in front of larger audiences, bringing the hosts’ signature blend of bold opinions, sharp analysis and lively debate to the heart of the drive‑time lineup. Outspoken will continue to push the conversation forward with exclusive guests and the Faceoff roundtable conversation every Wednesday.” The station also brings back “Arizona’s Evening News,” hosted by Becky Lynn and Joe Huizenga, from 6:00 pm to 7:00 pm. It will keep listeners and viewers tuned into local programming with a news program focused on in-depth conversation. Bonneville says the new program schedule reflects the end of the two-year run of The Chris & Joe Show in the 2:00 pm to 4:00 pm daypart with the departure of talk host Chris Merrill. 
Red Wrap Up” and other programs on Nebraska Educational Television. He hosted “Unsportsmanlike Conduct” on Omaha’s KOZN for 12 years. As a play-by-play announcer for FOX, he’s called more than 100 NFL games since 2020 along with college basketball, Major League Baseball, the UFL and other events. Steve Lundy has worked at some of Nebraska’s legendary radio stations, including KOIL, KKAR, and KLIN.